Lesson 15
Base 1 + nakereba
Base 1 + nakereba
Base 1 + nakereba is used to make negative conditional
sentences -- what will happen if something doesn't happen. Look at these
examples:
- Ojii-san wa sugu kaeranakereba watashi wa makudonarudo ni ikimasu. (If Grandpa doesn't return soon I'm going to McDonald's.)
- Miki wa heya o tsukawanakereba Junko wa tsukaitai desu. (If Miki isn't going to use the room Junko wants to use it.)
- Naoko wa kasa o karinakereba (kanojo wa) koukai suru deshou. (If Naoko doesn't borrow an umbrella she'll probably regret it.)
A very convenient thing about Japanese is the fact that
you can omit subjects that are understood or obvious -- you don't have to
retain them for the sake of good grammar, as in English. In the last example
above there is no question that kanojo wa (she) is Naoko, so it is
omitted.
Please remember that the na in nakereba comes
from nai and is the negative element. The kereba
is the conditional ("if") element. Remembering this will come in
handy in future studies.
iku: to go
heya: room
tsukau: to use
kariru: to borrow
koukai suru: to regret
(Verbs are shown in their plain form.)
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